I seem to have not mentioned my problem with ring worlds and such in this particular round of the subject. That is where does the material come from?
I seem to recall a calculation years back that it would take all the anticipated suitable material of a couple or more solar systems to build one ring world.
And if you have the ability to travel to other solar systems then you really don't need to build a ring world, you just settle the habitable worlds of the other solar systems. As a bonus you don't have all your eggs in one big basket.
The calculations I've seen for constructing a Dyson sphere seem to indicate that there is enough material in our solar system to build one. But it assumes that you are going to undertake the effort to dismantle every planet in the system, including the Gas Giants, and you have some matter conversion process (the output of a fusion engine works) to turn the mostly hydrogen into whatever element(s) you are building your construct from.
The energy requirements of dismantling Jupiter stagger the imagination, and if you have access to that kind of power, you should also be able to build high-fraction-of-c normal space engines and colonize other worlds that way.
Quite. Anyone capable of building a ringworld doesn't need to. And Niven's statement that by the time humanity needs a ringworld (re: population for it) we'll have the capability to build it is kind of off since we'd need the real estate long before that.
I found some of what I was recalling re construction challenges. It looks like what I was recalling was the energy required to spin it up to the proper speed and not the materials to build it. That is what takes several jovian worlds worth (of hydrogen) converted to energy. Actual building materials could probably be found within a single solar system if you clean it out entirely, which is advisable anyway since you don't want stuff hitting it.
The idea for a simpler, smaller, world orbiting, ring, a ringsat(?) might be more doable for the scale, but will still have some pretty interesting challenges as well.
It'll have to spin faster for gravity so you'll still need a lot of energy for that, and the materials will still have to be incredibly strong. If you go with less spin for lower g then you need higher walls to keep the atmo I think. Or you go for an enclosed structure which is about the same materials wise.
It'll probably need even more closely monitored and adjusted station keeping to not crash into the planet it's orbiting.
Still, I can at least imagine that a ringsat could be built without the magic tech needed for a ringworld, magic tech that would eliminate the need for building a ringsat or ringworld in the first place, if the only reason is population.
But we could easily, much more easily, simply build more habitation on a world, almost any world. Using Earth as an example we could much more easily, safely, and enjoyably (never mind cheaper and sooner) live under the sea than in orbit.