A really good question.
The core rules don't create any new races.
OK, that's not quite true. There are a few, but they're given as examples, not with an in-depth treatment and not intended to figure prominently as any sort of setting; again, the core rules establish the mechanics, and with them a referee can create new races, and specify how they interact with the universe.
But the main point I wanted to make up-front is that the core rules don't establish a milieu, and so don't pour in a lot of setting data.
If you reveled in the ability to create new star systems, or vehicles, or starships for Traveller, that's what sophont generation offers. Support for the
Alternate Traveller Universe is bolstered, while also providing a consistent baseline for sophont design.
And, somewhat important, are all the subset human species included in the basic ruleset?
Wow, that's an even better question. I don't think the subsets have been done yet. You're talking about the Darrians, for example, which have distinctives that set them apart from general humanity but are still genetically human.
But you also may be talking about some that may have been
tinkered with. There's a special set of rules for dealing with genetic engineering... for example, a sophont group whose DNA has been spliced with another sophont group are called
chimeras, and there's a good, sometimes unsettling, treatment of them and related concepts.
The short answer is no, these subsets have not yet been adapted to T5. But they need to. That might be a fun fan-based project.
How about old familiar staples like Aslan and Vargr?
Draft sophont templates were cooked up and posted to playtest for review and suggestions. They're not finalized, though all is currently quiet.
Marc has an old draft of the K'Kree, another playtester has made a draft of Hivers, and I've worked on drafts of Shriekers, Aslan, Droyne, and Vargr. The trick, however, is that each has to be adapted, and so design decisions are made in key places. I think it likely that someone who is expert in Droyne could make a better template than mine. Similarly with Aslan. Vargr are tricky as well. Defining them in terms of T5 was pretty fun; I got to ask myself
what really is a Vargr? in terms of playability. CT really gave us very little to go on, and T5 has a wide scope.
I've also made drafts of the Xiang, Eber, Klaxun, Sung, and Ylii from 2300AD, just to see how it would work out.
We will need templates for all Traveller minor races.