Surprise ...
disordered materials have a higher supercapacitor storage capacity than more
highly ordered materials (such as graphene).
I have a sneaking suspicion that reason
why this is so is going to wind up being somewhat similar to the "light emitting hack" that fireflies evolved in order to not trap bioluminescence in their lantern organs. As the makers of LED lighting have recently discovered, highly ordered (think precision machine manufactured) surfaces in LED lights wind up trapping a HUGE fraction of the photons produced by the LED light itself. By contrast, the micro surface structures on the lantern organs of fireflies are highly
disordered and "randomized" in ways that make it so much easier for photons to escape the lantern organ.
So the race is on now to incorporate biomimetic tech into the design of LED lights so that they become brighter while consuming less power and generating less waste heat.
I have a suspicion that "cross-pollinating" that idea of
disordered surface features into the materials used in supercapacitors will make for superior electron/hole shuttling and transfers in much the same way that
disordered surface features on LED lights and firefly lantern organs make them more efficient emitters of photons.
Just something to think about when it comes to "hacking technological design" at the manufacturing level to achieve step changes in performance, thanks to understanding what natural evolution has already "discovered" in the wild.
