Wow, how did I pass up this discussion?
I've been interested in Soleri's Arcology concept from an asthetic point of view since 6th grade or earlier; i.e. I think the visual appearance of the architecture is interesting, but I've doubts about its viability.
Having gone through his primary book (many years back, which is tucked away in some dark corner of my book and gaming closet) I can state that an arcology is, with all due respect to aptollard's obsercation, not unlike a "big apartment building", but is more than such. Instead it rises more to the definition of expansive "hotel" with shops or shopping mall with living quarters, but on an "industrial" scale so to speak.
Arcologies are designed around a set pattern to more efficienty compartmentalize and thus place for the sake of ease and comfort manufacturing, processing and other industrial activities (as well as commerce) conveniently and accesible to the people who should ideally live near them, without bringing about all the negative attributes associated with living near an industrial or commercial district. In theory, essence, and practice an arcology is a giant zoning project where the zoning is created by virtue of the architecture, and not by some form of regulation.
Arcologies have living, commercial, residential and industrial sections of the structure. Not unlike a hospital, college campus, or, as I stated, large luxury hotel with shops, or a shopping mall. The difference is of course in the so-called logical placement of where the industrial, commercia, living (recreational) and residential areas go (as well as administrative apparatus).
Soleris concern was that the blight experienced in contemporary (American) urban centers was caused by people not feeling good about their surroundings. As with anything there's certainly a strong element of truth to that, but, as with many social theories, it's not a complete thought, and Soleri has some rather odd and quirky artistic reasoning to arrive at his conclusions.
I've seen a lot of his stuff rendered into computer models, including his "space city" which is designed for a zero-g environment. It's itneresting stuff, and makes for some good Traveller fodder, but I think there's some misunderstanding on both sides of the equation as to how arcologies are meant to function. Foremost is the concept that most traffic within the structure will be foot traffic, and that automotive transportation will be used mainly to connect arcologies and cities to one another. The other is the assumption that people will want to live in such structures which amount to little more than over designed apartment buildigns (albeit with more frills, but apartments nonetheless). Third is the notion that helecopters and vertical take off aircraft will be the mainstay of air transport (which has proven to be untrue).
The list goes on.
Soleri has financed with endeavor with a number of efforts, notably selling "Soleri Bells", wind chimes and, on at least one occasion, rented his arcology in New Mexica (or some southwestern state) as a location for a ⌧ flick (my buddy used to get the Playboy channel back in the 80s
).
I think the idea is that the living quarters will not be sparten, but nor will they be overly opulant as to be wasteful, and that this concept will balance with the interior parklands and access to the surrounding "prestine" landscape surrounding the structure (ocean, desert, forest, mountain, what-have-you). But people typically want more because it's who we are as a species.
All in all arcologies are interesting, and I'm sure we'll eventually see a few in human history, but I doubt they'll become mainstays.
linky;
http://www.arcosanti.org/