I've noticed that people on the thread seem to assume the Zhodani are different and somehow inherently evil.
While they're vilified by the Imperium, I think it's more interesting to think of the the Zhodani as not evil but different. Very different. In fact, despite being humans, they're so different, they're probably the most alien of the races in Traveller, human or not. The society postulated in GDW's materials would have far-reaching implications that I don't think even GDW has handled well.
One of the question I've had for a while (but never had an opportunity to ask) - does any supplement ever give the demographics of the castes of the Zhodani? I'd prefer it to be "true" GDW material as opposed to DGP or SJG stuff - I understand that stuff is canon in varying amounts, but I consider GDW stuff to be the "most canon." (For instance, what if the population of the Zhodani was like 20% Noble, 50% Intendant, 30% Prole or something even more subversive like ... when we think of "noble" we think elite but what if 50% of Zhodani society are Nobles?)
The Zhodani should understand psionics far better than the Imperium does. We should assume they have far better methods of testing for psionic strength than the Imperium does; we might even go so far as to say that Zhodani chargen rules may not actually be accurate for how the Zhodani would really be like. It seems somehow unlikely to me that many Zhodani would be slipping through the cracks when it comes to psionic testing.
The power and rank that proles can achieve is probably directly in proportion to the percentage of the population that proles make up.
If "most" of the population of the Consulate are proles, then they probably rise quite high by their talents; there's simply insufficient psions to fill all the slots. In this case, I think a reasonable explanation is that the idea of Enlisted / NCO / Officer is probably a clumsy translation of Zhodani terms being forced to fit into Imperial rank structures, which in turn has fostered a completely wrong-headed idea of what the ranks actually do. Perhaps to the Zhodani the ranks are natural and would work quite differently - Proles might rise to positions we'd consider quite powerful: Admirals or Generals (or even CEOs of companies), though most would not (just like in our world). To the rank structure in the Imperial mind, these would still be "NCO" type ranks. In the Zhodani military, such proles might even give orders to nobles and intendant specialists on the battlefield ("we need to cause some havoc in the Imperial rear-lines, please take your squad of Consulate Guard and hit them where you think it'd do the most damage. Read my mind for my strategic assessment and good fortune."). The "officer" would actually simply be a fellow who visits the CEO periodically, perhaps once a day, once a week, or something and psychologically ensures the mental health and fitness of the prole for the job and otherwise doesn't interfere with the prole's job. It is like an NCO/Officer relationship in that even the lowest ranked 'commander' can remove the highest ranked prole from a job, but only within the confines of the commander's authority (eg; the prole isn't fit for the job anymore because he's cracking under the stress and needs to have time and attention of psionic surgeons to return him to mental health).
Though of course, even that assessment might be off - the officers of the Zhodani nobles and intendants might actually run everything. Men and women with strategic command skills would sit in the same commander's room, look at the situation reports, formulate ideas on how to proceed. The "general" would quickly read the minds of all of his/her prole "talents" and proceed from there.
Similarly, if the percentage of proles in the population is very small and the Intendants perhaps outnumber them, then proles have less and less power and perhaps fulfill roles of skilled artisans and IT professionals

- the Zhodani are a technologically advanced people and seem to have much less of a stigma of using robots than the Imperium so proles are probably less likely grunt laborers and instead technicians repairing, programming, and directing gangs of robots who do the actual labor.
This is a total denial of everything Zhodani culture is, though.
Criminals are not bad people in Zhodani society. They're people who are sick and they get cured. Just like nobody in your office lambasts you for having been the guy with the flu four years ago, after you're cured, nobody lambasts you for the crime you committed, either. The Taverchedl' ensures it. (though I guess they do practice execution for certain illnesses.)
And I'm pretty sure the Taverchedl' still watches over Intendants. Apparently their reach is limited among Nobles (something that doesn't make any sense and probably means the nobles are the most class of Zhodani society that needs to be looked at most closely).