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Self-Perpetuating Oligarchies/Rugbird

77topaz

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Since I'm planning to do a write-up on Rugbird (3102 SM), I found the description for a type 3 government (self-perpetuating oligarchy) rather vague. What distinguishes it from a type 9, or a type 5, or even a type C?

Also, does any more (canon) information on Rugbird exist than is given at http://traveller.wikia.com/wiki/Rugbird_(world)? I don't want to accidentally contradict canon with my write-up, which I might eventually publish at http://explorerbase.wikispaces.com if I decide to write it.
 
Each description alone is quite vague, but if you take them all together and figure which types of government would most likely fall within each group, you can begin to create a picture of a SPO by picturing what it is not.

Firstly, it must be non-charismatic - otherwise it would be type C.
Secondly, its members must not be elected for their specific technical skills, otherwise it would be type 5.
Thirdly, it must be fairly small. Large groups of rulers would be a bureaucratic type 9.

Type 3 is therefore a small group of non charismatic leaders without technical skill - perhaps a triumvirate, small ruling committee, or a council of elders. They may or may not be totalitarian (though later rule sets include a totalitarian dictatorship, which would indicate that the SPO is not strictly totalitarian).

Does that help?
 
Each description alone is quite vague, but if you take them all together and figure which types of government would most likely fall within each group, you can begin to create a picture of a SPO by picturing what it is not.

Firstly, it must be non-charismatic - otherwise it would be type C.
Secondly, its members must not be elected for their specific technical skills, otherwise it would be type 5.
Thirdly, it must be fairly small. Large groups of rulers would be a bureaucratic type 9.

Type 3 is therefore a small group of non charismatic leaders without technical skill - perhaps a triumvirate, small ruling committee, or a council of elders. They may or may not be totalitarian (though later rule sets include a totalitarian dictatorship, which would indicate that the SPO is not strictly totalitarian).

Does that help?

Yes, thank you!
(I think you mean a totalitarian autocracy - type F)
 
Type 3 is therefore a small group of non charismatic leaders without technical skill - perhaps a triumvirate, small ruling committee, or a council of elders.

The oligarchs are "small" by percentage of population, I'd think. In terms of numbers they could still number in the millions, as long as they're still considered a "minority" in terms of the people they rule over.

Type 3 is something of a 'none of the above' checkbox for me. If it doesn't fall under one of the other government types, it's likely to be type 3.

For instance, type C requires the overwhelming support of the masses. Though how "overwhelming" is defined is relative, the population thinking that the government is "okay" wouldn't seem to qualify.

A world ruled by a council of clan elders is type 3 (the clan elders are a restricted group that makes all the decisions), though ironically a lot of people might consider it type 0.

I don't want to use real-life examples, so I'll use some that you might see in the TU.

* A world where the larger part of the population is Vilani but they're ruled over by a Solomani ruling class. Perhaps the Solomani even have universal suffrage ... amongst themselves. To vote, hold office, and so on, you need to be able to show your genealogical record. The Solomani "minority" might number in the ten million but the Vilani population is, say, 300 million.

* All systems of nobility are oligarchies. They might have other traits as well, however. The Third Imperium overall is would be a Type 3 government -- it can be described in other ways, but I think type 3 describes it best.

* A governmental system where you have to be part of a certain movement or political party to participate in government would be type 3 by default. If it relies on large mobs of enforcers to keep control, it might be set as Type F.

* A world which is balkanized, but one nation enjoys a great advantage in power of some sort and can dictate to the other nations how they conduct their affairs when they choose. People from this nation enjoy special privileges even in other countries, for instance citizens of this nation can only be tried by courts in their homeland if they commit crimes in other countries.
 
* All systems of nobility are oligarchies. They might have other traits as well, however. The Third Imperium overall is would be a Type 3 government -- it can be described in other ways, but I think type 3 describes it best.

The Third Imperium has a single emperor as the head of government... so wouldn't that make it a type A (Capital has a type 9 government, but then the Emperor may not reign over Capital itself; I don't know of much information on that)?
 
The Third Imperium has a single emperor as the head of government... so wouldn't that make it a type A (Capital has a type 9 government, but then the Emperor may not reign over Capital itself; I don't know of much information on that)?

That's true, however, as the Barracks Emperor period of Imperial history shows, the Imperium can go on without an Emperor. It can't go on without nobles.
 
The Third Imperium has a single emperor as the head of government... so wouldn't that make it a type A (Capital has a type 9 government, but then the Emperor may not reign over Capital itself; I don't know of much information on that)?


Mr. Miller has stated numerous times that he considers the Imperium to be a feudal technocracy.
 
I'll post a write-up of the world Zalucha in Massilia Sector (done at about the same time as the Rugbird write-up, possibly unfinished) soon.
 
Since I'm planning to do a write-up on Rugbird (3102 SM), I found the description for a type 3 government (self-perpetuating oligarchy) rather vague. What distinguishes it from a type 9, or a type 5, or even a type C?.

Assuming standard Imperial planet generation rules than if the population or the Law Level is more than 8 than it can not be government type 3, the math won't allow it.
The classic example of a self-perpetuating oligarchy is a monarchy but Traveller uses what a political scientist might describe as 'structural-functional analysis' to determine government types.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_functionalism

It's about who does what. Apparently to the ISS when the Law Level hits 9 or more or the population hits one billion than you can't be government type 3 anymore.
 
Could be a democracy with a limited franchise, e.g. only Male Land Owners of a given ethnic heritage with holdings over a selected landmass (eg Republican Rome or post war of Independence America), holding one of a selected list of degrees or having completed a term of government service.
 
Topic's a bit old, but ...

Given the way law level is calculated, a type-3 Self-Perpetuating Oligarchy implies an oligarchy that tends to be less concerned with the behavior of the masses. Range of possible law levels ranges from 0 to 8 with 2/3 of the results between 1 and 5. Given the way government is calculated, the population tends to the small side: max in the hundreds of millions, with most of the results in the tens to the hundreds-of-thousands range.

Conversely, a charismatic oligarchy starts with a law level of 7 and gets worse from there, with 83% of such results at law level 10 or higher; smallest run to the tens of millions population with most of them much larger. A type 9 impersonal bureaucracy could be as low as law level 4, but the majority run to law level 8 or higher - and, again, populations tend to run fairly high.

With a self-perpetuating oligarchy, you're typically looking at a colony the size of a small to large town or an American county, with a government run by a small percentage of that town, and it's pretty much a hands-off government. "Self-perpetuating" implies a hereditary or semi-hereditary basis, whether by law, long-standing custom, or just the mechanics of it (rich people tend to stay rich). Maybe it's the founding families, maybe it's a wealthy elite who provided the financial backing for the initial settlement, maybe something else.

Since it doesn't qualify as a technocracy, we're not looking at a ruling class that delivers any specific benefit to the ruled: these aren't people trained from childhood in management, economics, sociology, criminal justice and such, in the expectation that they will take their place as leaders and serve the ruled. Rather, I infer from the low law level that the oligarchs continue to rule because the majority of the population just doesn't care enough to challenge the status quo: government simply isn't involved enough in their lives - positively or negatively - for them to care.
 
The classic example of a self-perpetuating oligarchy is a monarchy

Maybe, if the monarch is only a figurehead, but I wouldn't say it was a 'classic example'. An oligarchy is by definition a group of people and a monarch is by definition a single person.
A ruling monarch is more likely to be a Charismatic or non-charismatic dictator.
 
don't forget a low law can also resentment a place where people have little protection under the law and dose not uphold and enforce what we consider civil rights.
 
Maybe, if the monarch is only a figurehead, but I wouldn't say it was a 'classic example'. An oligarchy is by definition a group of people and a monarch is by definition a single person.
A ruling monarch is more likely to be a Charismatic or non-charismatic dictator.

The "classic example" varies quite a bit depending on when and where you are in history. Absolute monarchy in France, for example, was the end product of a long struggle between the monarchy, regional nobility, the Parlements (regional legislative and judicial bodies), and the Church (not to mention other religions), who all competed with the Monarchy over the right to make law and implement taxes. At some points in its history, France might have been considered a balkanized state, an agglomeration of individual oligarchies jealously protecting their prerogatives from each other and the King, despite the existence of a supposed monarch.

You also have to judge the government in terms of its impact on the governed. Britain had a ruling monarch - a single person - but the monarchy's power, in terms of the average man-on-the-street, was limited through much of British history. The local nobility, administrative leaders of the cities, church leaders, and later Parliament all held significant power and were more likely to be the ones whose decisions impacted the average person than the king was. Britain, despite its monarchy, would have been more of an oligarchy for much of its history.

don't forget a low law can also resentment a place where people have little protection under the law and dose not uphold and enforce what we consider civil rights.

"Law level is an indication of the relative oppressiveness of the world. The digit is classified on the law level table to show prohibitions against weapons. It is also the throw (law level +) to avoid being harrassed or arrested by local authorities."

Law level does not speak to cultural factors. Whether or not there is a need for civil rights protection, and whether those protections were adequate, depends a lot on cultural factors - and therefore on the specifics of the local culture created by the gamemaster. A white cowboy in the late 19th century American west had reasonably adequate civil rights protections: he could expect to be judged by a jury of his peers according to laws written by an elected body. A Native American living under the same law and government could count on few such protections: folk could and sometimes did disregard the letter of the law where he was concerned. A law codifying your rights is little more than ink on paper if the lawmen and the judges and juries choose to ignore it where "your kind" specifically are concerned.

In this context, the law level betrays a bit of ISS bias. Consider for example that a religious dictatorship may have a very high law level. Consider also that, from the point of view of the religious adherents, the government is not at all oppressive: it is only right and proper for people to behave in a manner consistent with religious teachings - one would no more tolerate behavior that led society on a path toward heresy and destruction than one would tolerate murder and robbery on the streets. From the point of view of a traveller, it's a very high law level. From the point of view of the faithful, it's just codifying the details of the culture they were brought up in.

Or, the local law level might be quite high ONLY with respect to travellers: locals, distinguished perhaps by a shape of eye, skin color, hair color, and certain mannerisms, may carry whatever weapons they prefer, and many laws apply only to strangers (because only a stranger would even think to do that). Alternately, the local law level may be quite low - except where certain disenfranchised minorities are involved: those of the disenfranchised minority may be barred from owning weapons, subject to oppressive curfews, limitations on movement, and other laws applied only to them, and may face frequent legal harrassment from authorities who pay little attention to those of the advantaged majority.
 
I guess when I think of "self-perpetuating oligarchies" I think of many of the Italian city-states during the Renaissance and earlier, such as the Medici of Florence or the government of Venice, split between the Doge and the riches families. For that matter, Republican Rome would also qualify as a one, given the nature of the Roman Senate.

As for differing law levels between off-worlders and residents, I can easily see that being the case. Earth's history provides many examples of differing treatment of a country's citizens verses outsiders. The demand by European powers for "extraterritorial rights" in China prior to 1900 was based on the difference in treatment of native Chinese and foreigners in the Chinese legal system.
 
Gov 5

I guess when I think of "self-perpetuating oligarchies" I think of many of the Italian city-states during the Renaissance and earlier, such as the Medici of Florence or the government of Venice, split between the Doge and the riches families. For that matter, Republican Rome would also qualify as a one, given the nature of the Roman Senate.

/snippa/
No, those were Gov 5 Fuedal Technocracy. :devil:
 
An easy way to think about the self-perpetuating oligarchy is that it is a junta or the like. That is, there are several leaders that share power. China today is operating this way.
Those in power ensure that only those they select succeed them to take power. This makes it different from a dictatorship (which could be headed by a noble) where one person is in the top position of power.
Think of a world where you really have the Bilderburgs and all that conspiricy nutter stuff running things. Or, worse, .... The Illuminati are the oligarchy!.. :devil:

Another that seems to baffle people is the impersonal bureaucracy. That one is easily done as almost any modern Western nation is today. You don't deal with the elected, appointed, nobility, etc., leaders. You deal with bureaucrats. I like these with high law levels. You end up dealing with Vogons....
 
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