(here comes the can of worms) 'k, how far you want to go with that? you'll need a way of determining what is on the exterior of a ship so you can determine what is exposed to laser fire. then you have to decide if the exterior components permanently shield the interior components, or can they be ablated off and leave the interior exposed. and how do you line up the interior components with the exterior holes? the best way to do this is deckplans, but then you're at a level of difficulty that may not be acceptable. you then have to consider aspect - what portion of the ship is oriented to the enemy, where are the weapons turrets, what happens if you turn tail and run (and do you have to turn tail?). if you shoot the ship nose-on, can there be any damage to engineering? where is engineering anyway?Not a bad idea. But it doesn't even have to be based on (or wait for) deckplans. Each ship design, included or home built should have it's own damage table included in the writeup.
it all gets kind of hairy.