OK. I spent some time over the holiday weekend comparing sector data from First Survey with sector data from the Golden Age. Thanks for your link, Casey. The file at
http://traveller.mu.org/archive/T4/first.survey.data.txt does appear to be uncorrected data.
It seems to me that the First Survey data is not unusable, but requires interpretation and imagination, much like the Traveller world generation system in general (the old "low TL civilization in an asteroid-belt problem.")
The physical data in First Survey seems to be correct. The world names and the sociological data are the main problems.
Before addressing these problems, I want to touch on an important point. The data in First Survey are
not from the First Survey of the Imperial Interstellar Scout Service, which was conducted in 300. Canon tells us of no such comprehensive survey which would have existed as early as the Milieu 0 time-frame.
Therefore, we can only assume that the physical data available to players in the First Survey book have been gathered from various pre-3I sources. These data are apparently accessible to the characters either piece-meal (via Library Data searches) or through compilations provided by an institution such as the Sylean/Imperial bureaucracy or the Travellers' Aid Society.
Noticibly lacking are the "out of date" sociological data from prior to the Long Night. Perhaps these data are not available to the characters because none of the possible providers have considered them worth including, as such data are now almost certainly obsolete. It would have been nice if such data had been included, even if they were "grayed out." As a traveller, I would like to know that such-and-such a world was an oppressive religious dictatorship 1800 years ago. The neighborhood might be better today, but I might still be more inclined to visit the worlds that used to "play nice" before looking in on those with less sterling reputations.
OK. So much for the source and nature of the data the players have to work with. How do we deal with the world-names, as well as the altered sociological data in the Referee's sections?
After looking into the issue with the world-names, I decided this is really a non-problem. The key here is that the world names have mostly changed--but have
not been swapped around. So, Jagd has been renamed Pim, for example, but there is not some
other world which has been renamed Jagd. I am not 100% certain of this in every case, as I did not do a comprehensive survey--but it was true of the examples I checked. A few world names are the same as in the Golden Age data.
So why are the changed world-names a non-problem? Because the data available to the players is 1800 years old. Most of these planets have been cut-off from outside contact for nearly two millenia. How many of our place names today are exactly the same as they were in 4 A.D.? Given migrations, conquests, language changes, shifts within languages, and the preferences of the residents, most places today have names different from their names of 2000 years ago. I see no reason why most of those living during the Long Night would not have come up with new ways of referring to their worlds.
Also--the world names in the First Survey book are evidently names used during the Rule of Man, and before that by the First Imperium. As such, we can conclude that most of these names were assigned by the Scout Service of the Ziru Sirka. They may be entirely different from the names used by the denizens of the worlds in question, and many of the official names may be in an archaic form of Vilani.
As players explore the M:0 setting, they may travel to worlds with one name on their out-of-date star-charts, only to find that the inhabitants use an entirely different name. Eventually, when the IISS undertakes their ambitious First Survey in 300, world names on the offical charts will be updated to reflect common usage. Pim will finally become Jagd (which may be what the residents always called it, anyway...)
Regarding the problematic sociological data in the Referee's Section--this will require some creative explanation, especially the low Pop figures for key worlds. It appears that Sylea has a maximum population of 399,999. Can this be satisfactorily explained? Perhaps there was a huge population die-back during the Long Night, and as Sylea recovered, the planet was divided up into manors for the few remaining (and now very wealthy) survivors. It is possible that the Syleans, because of their low population, were forced to develop efficient trade and business practices, which is how they managed to found and maintain the Federation. Maybe the bulk of the population of the Sylean Federation hailed from nearby systems, and Sylea's primary role was as the seat of government. Perhaps today, immigration is greatly restricted, as the patrician Syleans like their seclusion and don't want a bunch of plebeians running down property values.
I don't know whether or not this explanation is convincing, but it does give some unique possibilities for Sylean history. Similar explanations could be developed to explain other anomalies in the sociological data.
I am interested in any feedback you may have on these ideas--so feel free to weigh in with your comments, criticism, or corrections.